Drama and other performing arts in performing outside a variety of form factors collectively. Including costume, costume, props, sets and lighting. According to the general performance practice, sound stage are also included in stage art department.
Evolution in the history of fine arts stage performances, each component of the development is not balanced. The earliest is the same performance most direct make-up, costumes and props. In the Western Theater -- the source of Greek drama, costumes, masks have a role can not be ignored. Then a cast of only two or three people, rely on the continuous replacement of clothing and masks to represent the various characters. So Aristotle the Greek drama points out, dress in costume and mask image multiple manufacturer's art, and this kind of costume art as a Greek tragedy necessary component of the six art. While the first pivot as performing large props, is probably the Greek theatre in the altar. The Oriental theatre in Chinese opera as an example, art is also the first focus on the characters dress on. But Chinese opera mainly uses the coated surface of fancy dress in clown masks, ghost; designs on clothing is first painted, and later switched to the embroidery, as has the bright decorative style of the special arts and crafts. Scenery is later invention. It has a theater background to the plot from the background of the evolution process of. Theater background is in the audience is composed of four onlookers to three spectators when. The earliest theater background is the Greek theater dressing sheds. Actor is in the studio dress up and rest, shed facing the audience, the show 's background. Their initial role of masking. Later it was found, a masking will make the audience distracted, is not conducive to appreciate, so a temporary dressing sheds not only into a fixed building, but also are decorated. The ancient Chinese opera performances, mostly with a curtain to masking, decorative effect. Shanxi province Hongdong county that should be king temple drama in Yuan Dynasty Murals (1324) depicted in the curtain, is this kind of concealment, early forms of decorative background. The Japanese Noh, with painted pine planks as a backdrop. Theater background for further evolution, from simple decoration for conversion to plot location description. By means of modeling to describe the location of attempt is also long-standing, but until the medieval religious plays, still basically is similar to big props of the local unit, they can be used alone, can also be used in conjunction with. Use of the entire background on the site for a large area of description, is from Italy in the age of the Renaissance palace theater in the beginning, then introduced to England, France and many other Western countries. These around the actor behind the painting set, although with tilting moment or ornamental effect, but have not really done with the close combination of actors, for the lack of direct help. So by nineteenth Century, it again to realistic and stereoscopic development. Enter twentieth Century, people for the background concepts already by broad narrow tendency, which can be a realistic depiction of, can also be implied, symbol, which brings the background art diversification. Western set in the beginning of the twentieth Century by Japan in china. The light was the last to show to form factors. An earlier theatre all rely on natural light, nearly 400~ 500 period drama generally entered the room after the show, the use of artificial lighting. The first is the candles and oil lamps, gas lamps at the beginning of the nineteenth Century, late nineteenth Century to lamp. Modern stage lighting has become a theater equipment as unity and illustrative strength is the most main is the most sensitive. Chengdu stage lighting audio leasing.
Function of the drama is the art of movement, stage art always directly or indirectly bonding action to play the role of.
The characterization of motion image. An actor is the direct embodiment of the action figure. Movements of the stage performance object is very complex, there is real, historical or legendary people, have imagined fairies and goblins, even animal and plant image. As the main body of the people, but also because of the social life and the natural conditions of various differences and with a different appearance, dress and spiritual temperament. Actors appearance with various action image has a size ranging from distance, shorten the distance, help actor into the dress image, it is the basic task of fancy dress, clothing. Its specific expression can be divided into two kinds of realistic and non-realistic. The former is fastidious dress very vivid details, emphasizing accuracy, which was started in nineteenth Century, mainly for the illusion of Marxism drama by. The latter includes ancient drama programming techniques and modern drama anti realist style, they often ignore some of the details, and some other details to be organized, decoration, exaggeration, pay attention to spirit, pay attention to visual interest, or to the audience to eerie impression. As a realistic approach to many, can adapt to the dramatic form, drama genre and performance style is broad. The image of the stage is not static, for a variety of actors dress should be helpful for dynamic beauty of ballet, opera, especially pay attention to this point, such as his entire leg ballet skirt, plus the art of opera robes are obvious examples.
The organization of space and time. The action is in the specific space and time, the existing expansion. The specific space both temples or other part of the building, or square, or modern theatrical proscenium stage, must pass through different levels of organization, to adapt to the dramatic action need processing. The organization of work including the delineation of the performance area, arranged to import and export, provide some entity to the actors with, support. Chinese classical drama is a stylized way organization space. As the scene ends each having a back door, is to the actors and end a stipulation; on the field through a variety of other forms of tables and chairs to help actors completed action. On spatial organization is not only a plane, is opposite, multi-level. Sichuan Opera" cages" in a mountain scene, with the table into a high-profile, actor from a raised platform joint chair flies, sides of the spatial organization to strengthen the role of emotion and skills of actors. Nineteen twenties arisen form of stage design, with various platforms, ladders, ramp member, so that the stage be for actor" play" "keyboard". While in general more realistic performance, spatial structure is the same as for the action of the physical environment combined with the specific description. Modern stage design for spatial organization has not limited to actors and stage, actors and other actors, but also on the actors and audience spaces between various new deal. The organization of the space directly affect the speed, rhythm, so it is time to move the organization. In this light can play a great role, light does not provide real, but it can be cut, can highlight or hidden objects, it can enhance mobility performance rhythm. Chengdu stage lighting audio leasing.
The implied, depicting the movement environment. Action space is twofold: is an actor performing venues, and actors dressed the characters live, operation environment. Therefore, stage art for the action of space organization, in addition to having the help actors completed action practical performance, more or less to depict the characters of the living environment. It is a significance, decided to stage physical layout may not be purely abstract, they always to some extent with imagery, depicting sexual. Chinese classical drama basically rely on actors singing to describe the environment, but other forms of tables and chairs, table Wai chairs Phi colors and patterns, as well as the candlestick, the account, water flags, cloth city and other props, it plays a role of suggestive of environment. Constructivists once the practical emphasis to the extreme, excessive exclusive stage device image, is not conducive to acting. So the Western comparative fashionable is the new form, namely" find" some concrete, decorative elements, so as to increase to the plot environment implied power. To depict the environment to be put in prominent place is illusionism performances, they require the arena of any one of the physical image and sound effect, should be is the history, specific, personalized, with the close combination. China Youth Art Theater Performance" under the roof of Shanghai" stage design, is the type of representative. The action of the environment including the physical environment ( natural, or a natural person ) and social environment. In the play, around the heroine's social environment is through him with the characters around the direct or indirect contact, conflict, conflict reflected, so, the social environment mainly depends on the actions themselves to the performance, the stage art alone cannot undertake the task. Scenery, lighting is mainly depicted from the environment perspective to participate in the manifestation of social environment; clothing, make-up as long as they can contribute to the actor to people 's social status, living conditions and the relationship between them show, also to a certain extent in the social environment description. Chengdu stage lighting audio leasing.
The expression of emotion and meaning of action. Stage art of external conditions, the external image of everything, finally is able to convey to the audience the intrinsic interest intrinsic implication of action, as the highest goal. This is a modern stage artists consciously. To achieve this goal has two different basic tendencies: one is the expression function, concealed in the objective things truthfully reproduction; another kind of objective things as different kinds of deformation processing, in order to put the artist's feelings, understanding strongly expressed. Two parallel development, each has its own merits. After comparison, a propensity for active, diversity. In the tendency, but also focus on the lyrics, or focus on Yu Li. The Beijing people's art theater performance" Cai Wenji" scenery, lighting, namely with rich lyrical atmosphere. The third king Cai Yong's tomb, the designer the script hints layout tombstone Shiren, requirements, Shima, pavilion details are abandoned, only some curtain curve outline of tall trees, bundles of blue light performance Lin Moonlight before, a few in the residual stone, behind a black empty, this open and dark atmosphere, with Cai Wenji's" bitter I grievances, Hao in the sky" the inner world is very harmonious combination, and has a strong artistic charm.
Central experimental theater performance" the true story of Ah Q" stage, not to good lyric, and rational spirit to win. Designer5piece of white cloth hung on the table is divided into 3 layers, the cloth nature without disguise, intentionally added many patches and stitching not split, in such a rag with painting Baimiao Shaoxing city location method of tick. Broken location, but it is poor and backward old Chinese, see evidence of people's distress everywhere a metaphorical image, it will remind viewers think ah q social causes of the tragedy. Stage artists in these efforts, making them creating really become a drama, poetic philosophy visual performance, become the show on the ideology of partners.
Characteristics of stage art throughout the development process by painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts influence. The invention of painting perspective promoted realistic setting. When the sculptor to modeling material extending to a metal, plastic, plexiglass, stage designer in the reform their modeling concepts and means; and constructivists take the stage as the machine moves, but architecture" house is a machine for living" this function principle in the performance of the application. A variety of artistic achievement, as one of the cultural soil, continuously to the stage art performance method, using the material conveying process, technical aspects of the fresh food. Can say, the stage art is the absorption of strong, the opening of the plastic arts. But the stage art is different from the general as an independent art form of art, it is in the creative process, material embodiment as well as art function has some special properties, main show is in:
The" two degrees to create" participants. The drama is to direct viewers to perform complete own creation. And performed in theatre throughout the process of creating" two degrees to create", before this, and" creative", namely the playwright with script. For the audience," creative" just before the performance of prepared; for the performer ( director, actor, musician, stage artists ), this is" the two creation" based. Stage art as" the two creation" in an artistic element, determines its creator -- stage artists must get the script before creation, must be attached to the designated theme, theme, rather than as an independent creator painter, sculptor that enjoy a selection of subject matter, to determine the theme of freedom. Stage artists all began to script cognition, ending in the script reveals, has not been out of play free. But to understand and reveal they are active, he can not distort the script based on the content and to have their understanding, imagination, can also be added, enrich the script is less certain, also can be on the same script made from others new shapes, from this point he is not lost, as the artist judge life, creative life and performance of their own unique artistic thought freedom. Stage artists only correctly deal with the dialectic relationship between attachment to freedom, the work can become" the two creation" in the value of the art factors. Chengdu stage lighting audio leasing.
The stage art factors interaction in expressive force, vitality. A painting or a sculpture, its performance is determined by its own, no on. While the stage art as performance is a factor, always in performance as the core of the various artistic factors synchronic, diachronic crisscross network, its performance is not completely depend on its own, it also depends on the dynamic relationship with the performing arts. In a picture, if the artist is a table, it is always the table, don't change. While on stage, when the table as a neutral device, can be due to actor to have different usage and get different meaning, it may be a desk, may also be a bed, pavilions or slope. Show in the feature space, either by modeling factors of performance directly, can also be placed in motion and sound of indirect description in. Opera" double down", the young monk carrying small nun water river, table does not portray river scenery, but when the actor barefoot, just one leg, the band sounded a water gong. At this time, both in the actor's idea or in the eyes of the audience, the bare board became the gurgling water. This suggests that, plastic arts and performing arts Union, can differ from the general artistic freedom of expression. Therefore, the stage design of authenticity and integrity is not in accordance with the general drawing scales to measure. Stage art in a play after all in the possession of the number of performance components, whether to adopt concrete method, or a more abstract, neutralization method, which mainly depends on the performance of the whole structure. Want, stage arts integrity, must include the performing arts. Stage art vitality lies in the living links, integration of various artistic elements, which show a distinctive style of the organic whole, the result of the development of modern art director.
During the time flow changes in the spatial art. General painting or sculpture is pure art space, time factor only enjoy play a role in the process, but it can not change the established image. The stage art is different. The show itself is empty, duality, always accompanied by the performing arts scene, lights, costumes, makeup with time. Not only the audience on the stage art appreciation throughout the show the entire process, but, as long as the stage artists need to use the time factor, can also be the scenery modeling or figures continue to make a change. Drama" teahouse" in the three set, performance with a plot locations, but there are obvious changes before and after. Designers through the teahouse space is cut is small, light tone became more and more cold, the wall" Mo Tan state" paper
